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1.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1535279

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Analizar el patrón alimentario y el riesgo de deficiencia en la ingesta usual de energía y nutrientes de las mujeres gestantes y lactantes de algunos pueblos indígenas. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo transversal, con información del componente de ingesta dietética tomada del Estudio nacional de la situación alimentaria y nutricional de los pueblos indígenas de Colombia, realizado entre 2013 y 2019, que incluyó 1028 mujeres indígenas gestantes (319) y lactantes (709), de las regiones norte y sur del país. Resultados: Se encontró una proporción superior al 90 % (Desviación estándar = 0,04) de gestantes y lactantes con consumo inferior al recomendado de calorías (p= 0,038). Alrededor del 70 % de las gestantes y lactantes no consumió lácteos el día anterior a la encuesta, y 50 % no consumió frutas y verduras. Con respecto a los micronutrientes, se encontraron, en las gestantes y lactantes, altas prevalencias del riesgo de deficiencia en la ingesta de vitamina C (50,3 y 80,2 %), folatos (80,4 y 95,1 %), zinc (87,6 y 96,3 %), hierro (88,9 y 68,6 %) y calcio (87,5 y 98,5 %). Conclusión: El consumo de alimentos y nutrientes en las mujeres indígenas gestantes y lactantes es deficiente en nutrientes claves para mantener su estado de salud y proporcionar los nutrientes necesarios a su bebé, y su patrón alimentario se clasifica como no saludable.


Objective: To analyze the dietary pattern and deficiency risk in the usual energy and nutrient intake of pregnant and lactating women from some indigenous peoples. Methodology: Cross-sectional descriptive study, with information from the dietary intake component taken from the National Survey of the food and nutritional situation of indigenous peoples in Colombia, conducted between 2013 and 2019, which included 1,028 pregnant (319) and lactating (709) indigenous women from the northern and southern regions of the country. Results: A proportion higher than 90% (SD = 0.04) of pregnant and lactating women with lower than recommended calorie intake was found (p = 0.038). Around 70% of pregnant and lactating women had no any dairy products the day before the survey, and 50% did not eat fruits and vegetables. Regarding micronutrients, high prevalence of deficiency risk in the intake of vitamin C (50.3 and 80.2%), folate (80.4 and 95.1%), zinc (87.6 and 96.3%), iron (88.9 and 68.6%) and calcium (87.5 and 98.5%) was found in pregnant and lactating women. Conclusion: Food and nutrient intake in pregnant and lactating indigenous women is deficient in key nutrients to maintain their general health and provide the necessary nutrients to their babies. Their dietary pattern is considered unhealthy.


Objetivo: Analisar o padrão alimentar e o risco de deficiência na ingestão usual de energia e nutrientes das mulheres gestantes e lactantes de alguns povos indígenas. Metodologia: Estudo descritivo transversal, com informação do componente de ingesta dietética tirada do Estudo nacional da situação alimentar e nutricional dos povos indígenas da Colômbia, realizado entre 2013 e 2019, que incluiu 1028 mulheres indígenas gestantes (319) e lactantes (709) das regiões norte e sul do país. Resultados: Encontrou-se uma proporção superior a 90% (Desvio-padrão = 0,04) de gestantes e lactantes com consumo inferior ao recomendado em calorias (p = 0,038). Ao redor de 70% das gestantes e lactantes não consumiu lácteos no dia prévio à enquete, e 50% não consumiu frutas e verduras. No que se refere aos micronutrientes, acharam-se nas gestantes e lactantes altas prevalências de risco de deficiência na ingestão de vitamina C (50,3 e 80,2 %), folatos (80,4 e 95,1 %), zinco (87,6 e 96,3 %), ferro (88,9 e 68,6 %) e cálcio (87,5 e 98,5 %). Conclusão: O consumo de alimentos e nutrientes nas mulheres indígenas gestantes e lactantes é deficiente em nutrientes-chave para manter seu estado de saúde e proporcionar os nutrientes necessários para o bebê; seu padrão alimentar classifica-se como não saudável.

2.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-217624

ABSTRACT

Background: Anemia is a commonly seen major health problem. It is a high-risk condition as it causes adverse effects on the mother as well as on the fetus during pregnancy. Pregnant women are most vulnerable group to anemia. Aim and Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of anemia and associated factors contributing to anemia. Materials and Methods: It is a retrospective study done on pregnant patients during 3 months of period in tertiary care hospital, Ahmedabad. All the data including demographic factors such as age, education, socioeconomic status, parity, birth spacing, and investigative data were derived from case files. Results: Among 380 patients studied, 262 (68.9%) patients were anemic. In present study, anemia was most prevalent in age group of 23–30 years. One hundred and seventy-five (66.6%) patients belonged to lower socioeconomic class. Out of 262 patients, 150 patients (57.2%) were either illiterate or had primary education. About 54.2% of patients were multigravida. Out of 151 patients having birth spacing <2 years, 52.7% were having mild anemia and 12.5% were having severe anemia. One hundred and sixty-six cases (63.3%) were presented in second and third trimester of pregnancy. Conclusion: There is high prevalence of anemia in pregnant females. Multiple factors such as socioeconomic status, literacy rate, birth interval, awareness to problem, and gravida contribute to its occurrence.

3.
DST j. bras. doenças sex. transm ; 34: 1-7, fev. 02, 2022.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1381653

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The prevention of vertical transmission of sexually transmitted diseases is the object of research by several authors, who reinforce the importance of knowing the serological status of a woman's sexual partner. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and serodiscordance of HIV, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and syphilis infections among women admitted to a maternity hospital in southern Brazil and their partners. Methods: 350 women and their partners were interviewed in a service-based cross-sectional study conducted from August 16 to November 23, 2018. Results: 4.0% of the women and 4.3% of the men had one of the infections studied. Among women, 2.0% already knew they were HIV positive, 2.0% had a positive rapid test for syphilis and there was no positive result for hepatitis B or C. A total of 299 (85.4%) partners were located. Of these, 293 (98.0%) agreed to answer the study questionnaire. Of all men interviewed, 281 (95.9%) agreed to undergo an rapid test. Among men, 1.4% already knew they were HIV positive and 0.4% had chronic hepatitis B disease. There was a similar percentage of men with a positive rapid test for syphilis and hepatitis C (1.4%). Regarding couples, 6.8% had some positive test. Most of the positive test subjects were in a serodiscordant relationship (16 serodiscordant couples and 3 positive concordant couples). Conclusion: These results reinforce the importance of testing men to prevent the infection of a negative partner and the vertical transmission of sexually transmitted infections. The high acceptance, by men, to undergo an rapid test at the time of the woman's hospitalization demonstrated the viability of this strategy in the maternity ward.


Introdução: A prevenção da transmissão vertical de doenças sexualmente transmissíveis é objeto de pesquisa de diversos autores, os quais reforçam a importância do status sorológico do parceiro sexual da mulher. Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência e a sorodiscordância de infecções por HIV, hepatite B, hepatite C e sífilis em mulheres internadas em uma maternidade localizada no Sul do Brasil e seus parceiros. Métodos: Foram entrevistadas 350 mulheres e seus parceiros em um estudo transversal de base de serviço realizado de 16 de agosto a 23 de novembro de 2018. Resultados: Do grupo consultado, 4,0% das mulheres e 4,3% dos homens apresentaram alguma das infecções estudadas. Entre as mulheres, 2% já sabiam ser HIV positivas e 2% apresentaram teste rápido positivo para sífilis. Para hepatite B ou C, não se registrou nenhum resultado positivo. Foram localizados 299 (85,4%) companheiros, destes, 293 (98,0%) aceitaram responder ao questionário do estudo. Do total de homens entrevistados, 281 (95,9%) concordaram em se submeter aos testes rápidos, entre eles, 1,4% já sabiam ser HIV positivos, 0,4% eram portadores crônicos de hepatite B e 1,4% apresentaram testes rápidos positivos para sífilis e hepatite C. Em relação aos casais, 6,8% possuíam algum teste positivo, a maioria (16) era formada de indivíduos sorodiscordantes e 3 de concordantes positivos. Conclusão: Esses resultados reforçam a importância da testagem masculina com a intenção de evitar a infecção do cônjuge negativo e a transmissão vertical das infecções sexualmente transmissíveis. A alta aceitação masculina de se submeter ao teste rápido durante a internação da mulher demonstrou a viabilidade dessa estratégia de testagem na maternidade.


Subject(s)
Humans , Women , Sexually Transmitted Diseases , Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical , Syphilis , HIV , Hepatitis C , Hepatitis B
4.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 43(10): 765-774, Oct. 2021. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1357065

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective To investigate depression and sexual function among pregnant and nonpregnant women throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A total of 188 women, 96 pregnant and 92 non-pregnant were included. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Arizona Sexual Experience Scale (ASEX) were applied to the participants after obtaining sociodemographic data. Results The depression scores of pregnant and non-pregnant women were similar (p = 0.846). We found that the depression scores were significantly higher among the group of participants who have lower economic status (p = 0.046). Moreover, the depression score was significantly higher among women who lost their income during the pandemic (p = 0.027). The score on the ASEX was significantly higher, and sexual dysfunction was more prevalent among women who have lower levels of schooling and income (p < 0.05). Likewise, the ASEX scores were significantly higher (p = 0.019) among the group who experienced greater income loss throughout the pandemic. Upon comparing the pregnant and non-pregnant groups, we detected that sexual dysfunction had a significantly higher rate among pregnant women (p < 0.001). Conclusion In times of global crisis, such as the current pandemic, low-income families have an increased risk of experiencing depression and sexual dysfunction. When we compared pregnant women with non-pregnant women, depression scores were similar, but pregnant women were at a 6.2 times higher risk of developing sexual dysfunction.


Resumo Objetivo Investigar a depressão e as funções sexuais de mulheres grávidas e não grávidas durante a pandemia de Covid-19. Métodos Um total de 188 mulheres, 96 grávidas e 92 não grávidas, foram incluídas. O Inventário de Depressão de Beck (Beck Depression Inventory, BDI, em inglês) e a Escala de Experiências Sexuais do Arizona (Arizona Sexual Experience Scale, ASEX, em inglês) foram aplicados aos participantes após a obtenção dos dados sociodemográficos. Resultados As pontuações de depressão de mulheres grávidas e não grávidas foram semelhantes (p = 0,846). Verificou-se que as pontuações de depressão foram significativamente maiores no grupo de participantes de menor nível econômico (p = 0,046). Além disso, a pontuação de depressão foi significativamente maior em mulheres que perderam sua renda durante a pandemia (p = 0,027). A pontuação na ASEX foi significativamente maior, e a disfunção sexual foi mais prevalente em pessoas com menores escolaridade e nível de renda (p < 0,05). Da mesma forma, as pontuações na ASEX foram significativamente mais altas (p = 0,019) no grupo que experimentou maior perda de renda durante a pandemia. Ao comparar os grupos de gestantes e não gestantes, detectou-se que a disfunção sexual apresentava índice significativamente Conclusão Em tempos de crise global, como a atual pandemia, famílias de baixa renda têm um risco maior de sofrer depressão e disfunção sexual. Quando comparamos mulheres grávidas e mulheres não grávidas, as pontuações de depressão foram semelhantes, mas as mulheres grávidas apresentaram um risco 6,2 vezes maior de desenvolver disfunção sexual.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological/epidemiology , Pregnant Women/psychology , Depression/epidemiology , Pandemics , COVID-19/psychology , COVID-19/epidemiology , Sexual Behavior , Turkey/epidemiology , Unemployment/psychology , Cross-Sectional Studies , SARS-CoV-2 , Economic Factors , Middle Aged
5.
Rev. bras. psicanál ; 55(3): 139-154, jul.-set. 2021. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1341202

ABSTRACT

A partir de duas vinhetas clínicas que remontam a atendimentos feitos quando estava grávida, a autora trata do paradoxo da transferência: a exigência do uso do inconsciente do analista e a necessidade de manutenção de sua posição abstinente. Seria a positivação de seu corpo um entrave ao setting ou, pelo contrário, abriria espaço para pensar a potência desse encontro como um ato vivo e pulsional? A autora trabalha com a hipótese de que essa experiência, a partir da situação de um analista impedido de "tirar o corpo fora", revela a possibilidade de este funcionar como resto diurno para o sonhar do paciente em sessão.


Based on two clinical reports that go back to the time when the analyst was pregnant, this article deals with the paradox of transference: the requirement to use the analyst's unconscious and the need to maintain her abstinent position. Would the presence of her body be an obstacle to the setting or, on the contrary, would it open space to think about it as a live and creative act? Our hypothesis is that this experience reveals that the analyst, unable to walk away, could function as day´s residues for the patient's dream in session.


A partir de dos fragmentos clínicos que se remontan a consultas realizadas por la analista durante el embarazo, este artículo aborda la paradoja de la transferencia: la exigencia de utilizar el inconsciente del analista y la necesidad de mantener su posición abstinente. ¿La positivización de tu cuerpo sería un obstáculo para el setting o, por el contrario, abriría un espacio para pensar en la potencia de este encuentro como un acto vivo y creativo? Trabajamos con la hipótesis de que esta experiencia revela la posibilidad de que el analista funcione como un resto diurno para el sueño del paciente en sesión.


À partir de deux fragments cliniques qui remontent aux consultations faites par l'analyste pendant sa grossesse, cet article traite du paradoxe du transfert : l'exigence de l'utilisation de l'inconscient de l'analyste et le besoin de maintenir sa posture de s'abstenir. La positivisation du corps de l'analyste serait-elle un obstacle au cadre ou, au contraire, ouvrirait-elle un espace pour réfléchir à la puissance de cette rencontre comme acte vivant et pulsionnel ? Nous partons de l'hypothèse que cette expérience, à partir d'un analyste qui est empêché de « se laver les mains ¼, révèle la possibilité qu'il fonctionne comme le reste diurne du rêve du patient en séance.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Psychology/trends , Psychotherapy , Transference, Psychology
6.
Vive (El Alto) ; 3(9): 227-246, dic. 2020. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1252340

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: las infecciones fúngicas ocasionadas por levaduras del género Cándida son extremadamente comunes en mujeres de edad reproductiva, y constituyen un motivo de atención medica de salud. OBJETIVO: evaluar la susceptibilidad de Cándidas spp, mediante el método colorimétrico (Integral Yeast System Plus). MÉTODO: fue de tipo descriptivo, transversal; se recopiló información mediante observación directa en campo y el análisis documental para obtener información bibliográfica de tipo secundaria. RESULTADOS: de los 72 casos encontrados de Cándida Albicans revela que son susceptibles a la anfotericina B (2ug/ml); de los 5 casos encontrados de Cándida Krusei revela que son sensibles a la Anfotericina B (2ug/ml); De 1 caso encontrado de Cándida Parapsilosis revela sensibilidad en la Nistatina (1.25ug/ml). En este estudio la prevalencia de la infección por Cándida fue del (44.98%). CONCLUSIONES: Cándida Albicans fue la especie más común aislada en las mujeres embarazadas representando un 72%, En la evaluación de la susceptibilidad a través del kit Integral System Yeast Plus se obtuvo que Cándida Albicans es susceptible a Anfotericina B, Flucitosina entre otros, en Cándida Glabrata se obtuvo que es sensible a la Nistatina, Anfotericina B, susceptible entre otros, en Cándida Krusei se obtuvo que es sensible a la Anfotericina B, Clotrimazol, Miconazol, susceptibles a la Nistatina, Voriconazol y resistente a la Flucitosina, Ketoconazol, Itraconazol y Fluconazol.


INTRODUCTION: fungal infections caused by yeast of the genus Candida are extremely common in women of reproductive age, and constitute a reason for medical health care. OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the susceptibility of Candida spp, using the colorimetric method (Integral Yeast System Plus). METHOD: it was descriptive, transversal; Information was collected through direct observation in the field and documentary analysis to obtain secondary bibliographic information. RESULTS: of the 72 cases found, Candida Albicans reveals that they are susceptible to amphotericin B (2ug / ml); of the 5 cases found, Candida Krusei reveals that they are sensitive to Amphotericin B (2ug / ml); Of 1 case found of Candida Parapsilosis reveals sensitivity in Nystatin (1.25ug / ml). In this study, the prevalence of Candida infection was (44.98%). CONCLUSIONS: Candida Albicans was the most common species isolated in pregnant women, representing 72%. In the evaluation of susceptibility through the Integral System Yeast Plus kit it was obtained that Candida Albicans is susceptible to Amphotericin B, Flucytosine among others, in Candida Glabrata was obtained that it is sensitive to Nystatin, Amphotericin B, susceptible among others, in Candida Krusei it was obtained that it is sensitive to Amphotericin B, Clotrimazole, Miconazole, susceptible to Nystatin, Voriconazole and resistant to Flucytosin, Ketoconazole, Itraconazole and Fluconazole.


INTRODUÇÃO: as infecções fúngicas causadas por leveduras do gênero Candida são extremamente comuns em mulheres em idade reprodutiva e constituem motivo de cuidados médicos. OBJETIVO: avaliar a suscetibilidade de Candida spp, por meio do método colorimétrico (Integral Yeast System Plus). MÉTODO: foi descritivo, transversal; as informações foram coletadas por meio de observação direta em campo e análise documental para obtenção de informações bibliográficas secundárias. RESULTADOS: Dos 72 casos encontrados, Cândida Albicans revelou ser suscetíveis à anfotericina B (2ug /ml); dos 5 casos encontrados, Candida Krusei revela que são sensíveis à Anfotericina B (2ug / ml); de 1 caso encontrado de Candida Parapsilosis revela sensibilidade na Nistatina (1,25ug / ml). Neste estudo, a prevalência de infecção por Candida foi (44,98%). CONCLUSÕES: Cândida Albicans foi a espécie mais comum isolada em gestantes, representando 72%. Na avaliação da susceptibilidade através do kit Integral System Yeast Plus foi obtido que Candida Albicans é suscetível à Anfotericina B, Flucitosina entre outras, em Cândida Glabrata foi obtido que é sensível a Nistatina, Anfotericina B, suscetível entre outras, em Candida Krusei foi obtido que é sensível a Anfotericina B, Clotrimazol, Miconazol, suscetível a Nistatina, Voriconazol e resistente a Flucitosina, Cetoconazol, Itraconazol e Fluconazol.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Candida , Candida albicans , Amphotericin B , Colorimetry , Candida glabrata , Pregnant Women , Fluconazole , Prevalence , Clotrimazole , Itraconazole , Voriconazole , Flucytosine , Candida parapsilosis , Infections , Miconazole
7.
Enferm. univ ; 17(2): 220-232, abr.-jun. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1345986

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción: Reconstruir historias contribuye a forjar identidades sólidas. El ejercicio interdisciplinario desde la metodología histórica, permite vincular la disciplina de enfermería con las prácticas tradicionales de la partería del México Antiguo enfocada en la actividad del cuidado de la mujer embarazada. Objetivo: Interpretar el cuidado de las parteras nahuas prehispánicas de México en las crónicas de fray Bernardino de Sahagún. Desarrollo: Se analiza el papel de las parteras nahuas prehispánicas tomando como fuente primaria el facsímil del Códice Florentino o Historia General de las Cosas de Nueva España de fray Bernardino de Sahagún, disponible en la Biblioteca Central de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), en conjunto con fuentes secundarias de investigadores especialistas de la cultura náhuatl. Con base en la hermenéutica para la historiografía de la Colonia, la investigación se organiza en dos dimensiones, de lo general a lo particular. Mientras que la primera muestra los aspectos generales, geográficos, la cosmogonía y cosmovisión de la población estudiada; la segunda corresponde a las características sociales, culturales, políticas y fenomenológicas como son símbolos, cualidades, divinidades, además de significaciones en torno a la partera. Conclusiones: El estudio de la historicidad de la partería devela prácticas tradicionales permeadas de la cosmovisión mesoamericana, de las cuales subyace un cuidado multidimensional que ve a la mujer como un reflejo del cosmos, la tierra y el origen de lo sagrado. Asimismo, desde la cosmovisión de la partera se identifica un ejercicio de prácticas tradicionales, de las cuales subyacen premisas clasificadas como supuestos epistemológicos a partir de la acción.


Abstract Introduction: Reconstructing histories contributes to consolidate solid identities. Therefore, interdisciplinary actions, from the historic perspective, allow linking the discipline of nursing to the traditional midwifery practices which were focused on the care of pregnant women during the times of ancient Mexico. Objective: To interpret the way of caring of prehispanic Nahuas midwifes in Mexico based on the chronicles of fray Bernardino de Sahagún. Development: The role of prehispanic Nahuas midwives is analyzed through the consultation of a facsimile of the fray Bernardino de Sahagún Florentine Codex or General History of the Things of New Spain, available at the Biblioteca Central de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), as the main source, along with other secondary sources from diverse researchers of the Nahuatl culture. Based on the hermeneutics of the historiography of the colonial period, the research is organized in two dimensions: the general and the particular. While the first addresses the overall aspects related to the geography, cosmogony, and worldview of the studied population, the second focuses on the related social, cultural, political, and phenomenological characteristics, including the symbols, divinities, and meanings around midwifery. Conclusions: The study of this midwifery unveils traditional practices which suggest the prevalence of multidimensional care that addresses women as reflections of the universe, the land, and the sacred origin, all in agreement with the epistemological postures of these cultures.


Resumo Introdução: Reconstruir histórias contribui a forjar identidades sólidas. O trabalho interdisciplinar desde a metodologia histórica, permite ligar a disciplina de enfermagem com as práticas tradicionais da parteria do México Antigo focada na atividade do cuidado da mulher grávida. Objetivo: Interpretar o cuidado das parteiras nahuas prehispánicas do México nas crónicas do fray Bernardino de Sahagún. Desenvolvimento: Analisa-se o papel das parteiras nahuas prehispánicas tomando como fonte primária o fac-símile do Códice Florentino ou História Geral das Coisas da Nova Espanha de fray Bernardino de Sahagún, disponível na Biblioteca Central de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), em conjunto com fontes secundárias de pesquisadores especialistas da cultura náhuatl. Com base na hermenêutica para a historiografia da Colônia, a pesquisa organiza-se em duas dimensões, do geral para o particular. Enquanto a primeira mostra os aspectos gerais, geográficos, a cosmogonia e cosmovisão da população estudada, a segunda corresponde às caraterísticas sociais, culturais, políticas e fenomenológicas como são: símbolos, qualidades, divindades e significações em volta à parteira. Conclusões: O estudo da historicidade da parteria revela práticas tradicionais impregnadas da cosmovisão mesoamericana, das quais subjaz um cuidado multidimensional que vê à mulher como um reflexo do cosmos, a terra e a origem sagrada. Da mesma forma, desde a cosmovisão da parteira identifica-se um exercício de práticas tradicionais, das quais subjazem pressupostos classificados como supostos epistemológicos a partir da ação.

8.
Rev. bras. anestesiol ; 70(1): 48-50, Jan.-Feb. 2020.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1137132

ABSTRACT

Abstract Hereditary angioedema is an autosomal dominant disorder, presenting as sudden and recurring episodes of variable severity of subcutaneous and mucosa edema that may occur spontaneously or in response to triggers. There are three knwon types of hereditary angioedema. The disorder is caused by decrease in the plasma level or change in the functional capacity of C1 inhibitor, with increase in bradykinin and in vascular permeability, and consequent edema. Several measures are required in the perioperative period in order to avoid an acute attack. Prophylaxis should be carried out throughout pregnancy before any surgical procedure, before dental procedures, upon airway handling, on patients with previous episodes of angioedema, and when there are significant changes in volemia. The literature is scarce in regard to the association between hereditary angioedema and pregnancy. We describe a successful case of a pregnant patient with type I hereditary angioedema submitted to a C-section.


Resumo O angioedema hereditário é uma doença autossômica dominante, que se manifesta por crises súbitas, recorrentes e de gravidade variável de edema subcutâneo e submucoso, que podem ocorrer espontaneamente ou em resposta a gatilhos. São conhecidos três tipos de angioedema hereditário. A doença é condicionada por diminuição do nível plasmático ou alteração da capacidade funcional do inibidor de C1, com aumento da bradicinina e da permeabilidade vascular, com consequente edema. Várias medidas devem ser tomadas no período perioperatório de forma a evitar uma crise aguda. A profilaxia deverá ser realizada durante a gravidez antes de qualquer procedimento cirúrgico, antes de procedimentos dentários, quando existe manuseamento da via aérea, nos doentes com episódios prévios de angioedema e quando há alterações significativas da volemia. A literatura é escassa no que que diz respeito à associação de angioedema hereditário e gravidez. Descrevemos um caso de sucesso de uma grávida com angioedema hereditário tipo I submetida a cesariana.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular/therapy , Cesarean Section , Angioedemas, Hereditary/therapy , Perioperative Care
9.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-209207

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The women who survive serious complications of pregnancy are referred to as “near miss.” For every maternaldeath, there are many others who suffer serious life-threatening complications of pregnancy, referred to as “near miss” morbidity.In fact, for the over 500,000 mothers who die annually worldwide, and mostly in developing countries, there are more than 8million who suffer severe maternal morbidity (WHO 2004). There is currently no standard definition of “near miss” such as thereis for a maternal death because it is difficult to determine exactly at which point a woman becomes a “near miss.” WHO definesmaternal “near miss” as a woman who nearly died but survived complications that occurred during pregnancy, childbirth, orwithin 42 days of termination of pregnancy.Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the magnitude and types of life-threatening maternal complicationsin pregnant and recently delivered women, timing and management, blood transfusion and major surgery, and inpatient durationof stay of patients with “near miss” morbidity.Materials and Methods: The prospective cohort study was done by the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, KamlaRaja Hospital, Gwalior, study period from 1 year, November 2014 to October 2015. Inclusion Criteria: Acute cyanosis, Gasping,Respiratory rate >40 or <6/min, shock, oliguria, clotting failure, loss of consciousness lasting >12 h, stroke, uncontrolled fit/totalparalysis, and jaundice in the presence of pre-eclampsia were included in the study. Exclusion Criteria: Morbidity resulting fromcauses not related to pregnancy or its complication or management, for example, malignancies, ca breast, and liver rupture.Morbidity from accidental or incidental causes no way related to pregnancy, for example, morbidity from automobile accident/suicide. Women who develop these conditions unrelated to pregnancy.Results: Near miss to maternal death ratio as 3.69:1 which means out of five women with severe morbidity we are savingfour cases. Near miss cases are 97 (61%) war multigravida and only 61 (39%) war primigravida. Referred cases were 102to which means 66.1% of near miss were referred to our institute from various center. Only 57 cases (33.9%) came directly.Fifty-four patients (33.9%) have 4 days intensive care unit (ICU) stay followed by 50 cases (31.44%) having 3 days ICU stayand maximum stay was of 6 days in 11 cases.Conclusion: Still, it needs improvement, which can be achieved by ongoing training and simulation sessions for obstetricalstaff in early recognition and management of severe obstetric morbidity and also by resource allocation that is required in themanagement of the near miss cases.

10.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-206645

ABSTRACT

Background: Maternal age is an important determinant of the outcome of pregnancy. Advanced maternal age generally signify age after 35 years at the time of delivery. It is associated with decreased fertility and increased risk. Elderly gravida is associated with many complications during pregnancy, labour and also for the baby. In recent times women has changed their lifestyles such as pursuit of higher education and entry into work forces and career advancement outside the home.Methods: This was a retrospective study done in 57 elderly pregnant women more than 33 years age, over a period of 18 months, conducted in a multi-specialty hospital.Results: 57 elderly pregnant women were selected for the study. 47% were in age group of 33-35 years and 42% were in age group of 36-40 years. 61.40% patients were housewives and 38.59% were employed. 50.8% of patients had history of previous abortions and 35% were conceived after treatment for sterility. 64.9% of patients conceived spontaneously and 35% by assisted reproductive technology. Majority of patients (33.3%) required Invitro-fertilization. Multiple pregnancy was high- 21.05%. Hypertension was observed in 26.3% of patients, Antepartum haemorrhage in 4.34%,  Preterm delivery  49.1%, Induction of labour in 10.52%, Normal vaginal delivery only in14%. Majority of patients (80.7%) were delivered by caesarean section.Conclusions: Elderly pregnant patients have higher risks of specific pregnancy complications which contribute to a higher frequency of maternal morbidity and greater health care costs. The risks are due to Hypertension, diabetes, multiple pregnancy, preterm labour, antepartum haemorrhage, PROM, malpresentation, prolonged labour, increased caesarean section rate and postpartum haemorrhage.

11.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-184303

ABSTRACT

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a diabetic metabolic disorder that occurs in 4% of all pregnant women and 14% of ethnic groups with more prevalence of type II diabetes. It can be defined as increased or abnormal insulin resistance, decreased insulin sensitivity or glucose intolerance with first diagnosis during pregnancy. Aims/Objectives: 1. To find out prevalence of GDM. 2. To study associated risk factors. Methods: The study was conducted at the metabolic clinic; in the department of Biochemistry located at SIMS, Hapur. A semi-structured pretested questionnaire was used for data collection. Following the DIPSI guidelines, patients with plasma glucose values >140 mg/dl were labeled as GDM. Statistical methods used were OR (CI95%), percentage, Chi square. Results: ‘Out of 500, 6.72% had GDM. Among all GDM patients, 64.71% had age more than 30 years, 70.59% had BMI more than 25, 41.18% had gravida more than 3 and p- value was significant with regard to age and BMI. P value was found to be significant for risk factors namely positive family history of Diabetes Mellitus, history of big baby and presence of more than one risk factor. Conclusion: GDM is associated with high BMI, early pregnancy loss, family history of DM and previous history of big baby and there could be more than one risk factor. Thus universal screening followed by close monitoring of the pregnant women for early detection of GDM may help improving maternal and fetal outcomes.

12.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 40(12): 803-807, Dec. 2018. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-977809

ABSTRACT

Abstract Thrombocytopenia is the most common hemostatic change in pregnancy, but severe thrombocytopenia is rare. One of the causes, immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), is characterized by increased platelet destruction by immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies, presenting a high risk of hemorrhage for the patient, but also for the fetus, since antibodiesmay cross the placenta.We present the case of a 23-year-old pregnant woman with a history of Langerhans cell histiocytosis of the mandible submitted to surgery and chemotherapy when she was 10 years old, with diagnosis of ITP since then. At 28 weeks of gestation, she presented with petechiae, epistaxis, and gingival bleeding, with a platelet count of 3 x 109/L and positive IgG antiplatelet antibodies test. At a multidisciplinary discussion, it was decided to delay a cesarean section, due to the absence of fetal distress and to the high risk of morbidity for the patient. Many therapies were attempted without success. The IgG produced a slight and transient increase in the platelet count. On the 36th week of gestation, an elective cesarean section was performed. The perioperative period transfusions were guided by rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) monitoring. The procedure was performed under general anesthesia and videolaryngoscopy-assisted intubation. The patient was hemodynamically stable, without significant bleeding, and was transferred to the intensive care unit. The platelet count eventually decreased and a splenectomy was performed. Regional anesthesia may be contraindicated, and general anesthesia is associated with an increased risk of airway hemorrhage due to traumatic injury during the tracheal intubation and of hemorrhage associated with the surgical procedure. A multidisciplinary approach is essential in high-risk cases.


Resumo A trombocitopenia é a alteração da hemostase mais comum na gravidez. Contudo, a trombocitopenia grave é rara. Uma das suas causas, a púrpura trombocitopênica imunológica (PTI), é caracterizada pelo aumento da destruição plaquetária por anticorpos de imunoglobulina G (IgG), apresentando alto risco de hemorragia para a paciente e também para o feto, uma vez que os anticorpos podem atravessar a placenta. Apresentamos o caso de uma grávida de 23 anos com histórico de histiocitose de células de Langerhans da mandíbula submetida a cirurgia e quimioterapia aos 10 anos de idade, com diagnóstico de PTI desde então. Na 28a semana de gestação, a paciente apresentou um quadro de petéquias, epistaxe e hemorragia gengival, com contagem plaquetária de 3 x 109/L e teste de anticorpos antiplaquetários IgG positivo. Em uma discussão multidisciplinar, decidiu-se adiar a cesariana devido à ausência de sofrimento fetal e ao alto risco de morbidade para a paciente. Muitas terapêuticas foram tentadas sem sucesso. A IgG produziu apenas um ligeiro e transitório aumento na contagem plaquetária. Na 36ª semana de gestação, foi realizada uma cesariana eletiva. As transfusões no período perioperatório foram guiadas por tromboelastometria rotacional (ROTEM). O procedimento foi realizado sob anestesia geral e intubação assistida por videolaringoscopia. A paciente manteve-se hemodinamicamente estável, sem hemorragia significativa. Ela foi transferida para a unidade de terapia intensiva. A contagem plaquetária continuou a diminuir, e a paciente foi submetida a uma esplenectomia. Nestes casos, a anestesia regional pode ser contraindicada, e a anestesia geral está associada a um risco aumentado de hemorragia das via aéreas devido a lesão traumática durante a intubação traqueal e de hemorragia associada ao procedimento cirúrgico. Uma abordagem multidisciplinar é essencial em casos de alto risco.


Subject(s)
Humans , Pregnancy , Young Adult , Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic/therapy , Thrombocytopenia/therapy , Severity of Illness Index
13.
Academic Journal of Second Military Medical University ; (12): 159-164, 2018.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-838244

ABSTRACT

Objective To study the pregnancy complication incidences, delivery manners and pregnancy outcomes of senile pregnant women. Methods The medical records of 10 508 cases of pregnant and delivery women, who were hospitalized for delivery in Obstetrical Department of Changhai Hospital of Second Military Medical University from Jan. 2010 to Dec. 2016, were collected and analyzed. According to delivery age, they were divided into the senile group (≥35 years old, n=1 130) and the non-senile group (35 years old, n=9 378). Chi-square test was used to compare the incidences of pregnancy complications, cesarean section rate, ratio of cesarean section indications and outcomes of maternal and perinatal infants between the two groups. Results The proportion of senile pregnant women increased from 6.75% (89/1 319) in 2010 to 15.82% (267/1 688) in 2016. The cesarean section rate and the ratio of social factors in the senile group were higher than those in the non-senile group (67.08% [758/1 130] vs 48.51% [4 549/9 378], 42.88% [325/758] vs 10.07% [458/4 549], both P0.01). The incidences of gestational diabetes mellitus, premature rupture of membrane, placenta praevia, placental implantation abnormality and postpartum hemorrhage of the senile group were significantly higher than those of the non-senile group (all P0.05). The incidences of pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome, pre-eclampsia, chronic hypertension complicating pregnancy of the senile group were significantly higher than those of the non-senile group (all P0.05). The incidences of liver diseases, diseases of urinary system, abnormal thyroid function, thrombotic diseases and malignant tumor complicated with pregnancy were significantly higher in the senile group than those in the non-senile group (all P0.05). For outcome of perinatal infants, the onset rates of asphyxia neonatorum, death of perinatal infants and premature infants were significantly higher in the senile group than those in the non-senile group (all P0.05). Conclusion The risks of pregnancy complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes are increased in senile pregnant women. Appropriate-age pregnancy and perinatal care of senile pregnancy should be advocated in clinic.

14.
Aquichan ; 16(1): 43-55, jan.-mar. 2016.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDENF, COLNAL | ID: lil-779520

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: describir el significado de las prácticas de cuidado cultural en un grupo de gestantes adolescentes asistentes al control prenatal del Hospital Niño Jesús de Barranquilla, Colombia, y de su hijo por nacer. Método: estudio cualitativo etnográfico, en el que se aplicó el concepto propuesto por Leininger. Las participantes fueron: 10 gestantes adolescentes entre 15 y 19 años, y 12 enfermeras con experiencia en el área. Las primeras como informantes clave, y las segundas como informantes generales. Resultados: el significado de las prácticas de cuidado cultural, para las gestantes adolescentes, se clasifica en tres temas: 1) prácticas de cuidado transmitidas de generación en generación, predominando la línea femenina; 2) la confianza en Dios y el apoyo de la familia como una forma de cuidarse; 3) dar a luz un hijo sano. Conclusiones: las prácticas de cuidado de las gestantes adolecentes están enraizadas en sus creencias, mitos y valores culturales heredados de generación en generación, lo que muestra patrones de cuidado cultural. Este aspecto debe ser identificado por enfermería para ofrecer cuidados que sean culturalmente congruentes con esta población.


Objective: Describe what cultural care practices mean for a group of pregnant teenagers receiving prenatal care at the Hospital Niño Jesús in Barranquilla (Colombia) and for their unborn children. Method: This is a qualitative ethnographic study in which the concept proposed by Leininger was applied. The participants included 10 pregnant teenagers between 15 and 19 years of age, and 12 nurses with experience in the area. The teenagers took part as key informants and the nurses, as general informants. Results: The meaning of cultural care practices for pregnant teenagers is classified according to three themes: 1) care practices handed down from generation to generation, predominantly through the female line; 2) trust in God and support from the family as a type of care; 3) giving birth to a healthy child. Conclusions: The care practices of pregnant teenagers are rooted in their beliefs, myths and the cultural values handed down from one generation to the next, all of which reveal cultural care patterns. Nursing should identify this aspect in an effort to provide care that is culturally congruent with this population.


Objetivo: descrever o significado das práticas de cuidado cultural num grupo de gestantes adolescentes participantes do controle pré-natal do Hospital Niño Jesús de Barranquilla (Colômbia) e de seu filho que está por nascer. Método: estudo qualitativo etnográfico, no qual se aplicou o conceito proposto por Leininger. As participantes foram: dez gestantes adolescentes entre 15 e 19 anos, e 12 enfermeiras com experiência na área. As primeiras como informantes-chave, e as segundas, como informantes gerais. Resultados: o significado das práticas de cuidado cultural para as gestantes adolescentes se classifica em três temas: 1) práticas de cuidado transmitidas de geração em geração, com predomínio da linha feminina; 2) a confiança em Deus e o apoio da família como uma forma de se cuidar; 3) dar à luz um filho saudável. Conclusões: as práticas de cuidado das gestantes adolescentes estão enraizadas em suas crenças, mitos e valores culturais herdados de geração em geração, o que mostra padrões de cuidado cultural. Esse aspecto deve ser identificado por enfermagem para oferecer cuidados que sejam culturalmente congruentes com essa população.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adolescent , Adolescent , Culture , Pregnant Women
15.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-186210

ABSTRACT

Uterus Didelphys “double uterus” is a congenital malformation that results from complete failure of fusion of the ipislateral paramesonephric ducts during embryonic development. Ideally, diagnosis should be made before pregnancy and labor to prevent adverse outcomes. Here we report a case of uterus didelphys in 30 year old female Gravida4 Para3 Living2 at 31st week of pregnancy admitted with prolonged rupture of membrane, hypovolemic shock and intrauterine fetal death. Postoperative recovery of the mother was uneventful. Clinicians should have high index of suspicion of uterine anomaly when assessing cases of dysfunctional labor to avoid delayed diagnosis and the associated adverse outcome

16.
RECIIS (Online) ; 9(4): 1-13, out.-dez.2015. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-784687

ABSTRACT

Este artigo explora a influência que a web tem nos mecanismos de tomada de decisão da grávida, por meio, apenas, da análise dos resultados obtidos pela participação de grávidas e relativamente às opções de“rastreio pré-natal” e de “tipo de parto”. Em termos metodológicos, o estudo baseou-se nos dados recolhidos através de um survey exploratório, com base num inquérito por questionário, em suporte papel, aplicado a grávidas portuguesas. Apesar da importância da pesquisa na internet, é o contacto presencial, sobretudo com o médico, que mais as influencia. Concluiu-se que a revisão da literatura recente e a investigação sobre a utilização da internet por grávidas aponta que, no seu processo de tomada de decisão, a influênciada opinião do médico é maior do que a das pesquisas digitais feitas por elas. Os resultados desse survey deverão ser úteis para pressionar os policy-makers a encontrar respostas eficazes e eficientes nesta matéria...


This article explores the answers given by pregnant women concerning the options “prenatal screening”and “type of delivery”. The influence of the web on the decision-making processes of pregnant womenis analysed, aiming to understand how search practices, peer influence and opinion sharing are carriedout on the web. The results are based on data collected through an exploratory survey conducted with aquestionnaire applied to 178 Portuguese pregnant women. Although research on the internet has greateffect on the respondents, face to face contact is what most influences them, especially with the doctor.Relatives and friends are also relevant. The study pointed to the biggest influence of the doctor’s opinionover the internet in their decision-making process. These results should be useful for pressuring policymakersto find prompter and better quality answers...


El presente artículo analiza la influencia que la web tiene en la toma de decisiones de una mujer embarazada,con objectivo de entender la búsqueda de casos de “detección prenatal” y “tipo de parto” en páginas web, así como el papel de las influencias sociales y opiniones compartidas online. Los resultados están basados en la información recopilada en un estudio que se ha realizado a través de un cuestionario que ha sido llevado a cabo a mujeres portuguesas embarazadas. Los resultados demuestran que si bien la búsqueda en internet tiene un gran impacto, el contacto cara a cara, especialmente con un médico, es lo que tiene una mayor influencia. La opinión de los médicos en la toma de decisiones relacionadas con lo embarazo causa mayor influencia que las consultas efectuadas a través de internet. Los resultados deberían servir para ejercer presión en los que lideran estlas políticas de salud, para que encuentren respuestas más precisas y de mejor calidad...


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Middle Aged , Prenatal Care/methods , Pregnant Women/psychology , Internet , Parturition , Physician-Patient Relations , Social Media , Decision Making , Health Communication , Surveys and Questionnaires
17.
Ciudad de México; Centro Nacional de Excelencia Tecnológica en Salud; 2015. tab.(Guías de Práctica Clínica de Enfermería). (SS-784-15).
Monography in Spanish | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1037662

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional se define como cualquier grado de hiperglucemia con primer reconocimiento durante el embarazo. En muchos de los casos los niveles de glucosa en sangre retornan a la normalidad después del parto. La mayoría de mujeres embarazadas son sedentarias o suspende el ejercicio, esto predispone al desarrollo de patologías como: hipertensión arterial, preeclampsia, disnea, obesidad materna e infantil y diabetes mellitus gestacional. Las mujeres con DMG no son capaces de compensar la resistencia a la insulina, producida por una combinación de cambios hormonales e inflamatorios. Método: Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática de información en PubMed, BVS, Tripdatabase, otras bases disponibles. Se analizaron 199 estudios de los últimos 5 años en idioma inglés y español, 23 fueron útiles para desarrollar esta guía. Resultados: La diabetes gestacional es la complicación metabólica más frecuente del embarazo con una prevalencia del 8% al 11% de todos los embarazos en México, ya que afecta a más de 10% de las embarazadas mayores de 25 años; los factores de riesgo para diabetes mellitus gestacional son: la raza, origen étnico, edad avanzada, antecedentes familiares de diabetes, aumento de índice de masa corporal. Conclusión: La implementación de las recomendaciones permitirá a los profesionales de enfermería favorecer la mejora en la prevención, atención y limitación del daño de la paciente con Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional. Mujer, embarazo, Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional, enfermería


Introduction: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus is defined as any degree of hyperglycemia with first recognition during pregnancy. In many cases the blood glucose levels return to normal after delivery. Most pregnant women are sedentary or suspend the exercise, this predisposes to the development of diseases such as hypertension, preeclampsia, dyspnea, child and maternal obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus. Women with GDM are not able to compensate for the insulin resistance produced by a combination of hormonal and inflammatory changes. Method: A systematic research for information in PubMed, BVS, Tripdatabase, other bases made available. 199 studies over the past 5 years in English and Spanish, 23 were analyzed and useful in developing this guide. Results: Gestational diabetes is the most common metabolic complication of pregnancy with a prevalence of 8% to 11% of all pregnancies in Mexico, affecting more than 10% of pregnant women older than 25 years; risk factors for gestational diabetes mellitus are: race, ethnicity, older age, family history of diabetes, increased body mass index. Conclusion: The implementation of the recommendations will enable nurses promote improved prevention, care and limiting damage to the patient with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. woman, pregnancy, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, nursing.


Introdução: Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional é definido como qualquer grau de hiperglicemia com primeiro reconhecimento durante a gravidez. Em muitos casos, os níveis de glicose no sangue voltar ao normal após parto.La maioria das mulheres grávidas são sedentários ou suspender o exercício, o que predispõe ao desenvolvimento de doenças como a hipertensão, pré-eclâmpsia, dispnéia, materna e obesidade infantil e diabetes mellitus gestacional. As mulheres com DMG não são capazes de compensar a resistência à insulina produzida por uma combinação de alterações hormonais e inflamatórias. Método: Uma busca sistemática de informações no PubMed, BVS, Tripdatabase, outras bases foi disponibilizado. 199 estudos ao longo dos últimos 5 anos no idioma Inglês e Espanhol, 23 foram analisadas foram úteis no desenvolvimento deste guia. Resultados: A diabetes gestacional é a complicação metabólica mais comum de gravidez com uma prevalência de 8% a 11% de todas as gravidezes no México, afetando mais de 10% das mulheres grávidas com idade superior a 25 anos; fatores de risco para diabetes mellitus gestacional são: raça, etnia, idade avançada, histórico familiar de diabetes, aumento do índice de massa corporal. Conclusão: A implementação das recomendações permitirá que os enfermeiros promovem a melhoria da prevenção, cuidados e danos limitando ao paciente com diabetes mellitus gestacional: Mulher, grávida, Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional, enfermagem.


Subject(s)
Humans , Diabetes, Gestational/diagnosis , Diabetes, Gestational/nursing , Diabetes, Gestational/prevention & control , Diabetes Mellitus/nursing
18.
Ciudad de México; Centro Nacional de Excelencia Tecnológica en Salud; 2015. 46 p. tab.(Guías de Práctica Clínica de Enfermería). (SS-787-15).
Monography in Spanish | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1037683

ABSTRACT

La enfermedad de Chagas es causada por el Trypanosoma cruzi, se transmite por heces de insectos hematófagos infectados que penetran en heridas de la piel o mucosas, a través de transfusiones, materno-fetal, trasplantes de órganos y agujas contaminadas. En el mundo existen entre 7 y 8 millones de personas infectadas, la mayoría de ellas en América Latina (OMS, 2013). En Argentina encontraron 11% (267 mujeres), en México 2.3% en madres y 0.4% en niños, 16.8% seroprevalencia en Veracruz. Los síntomas son: fiebre, cefalea, palidez, mialgias, disnea y dolor abdominal o torácico.Metodología: Se realizó una revisión de la literatura en 5 bases de datos (PubMed, LILACS, BVS, EBSCO y Scielo) con las Chagas Disease AND Pregnancy, en idioma inglés, portugués y español, obteniendose 109 documentos, de los cuales 17 se utilizaron, para gradar la evidencia se utilizó la escala Shekelle modificada.Resultados: Se obtuvieron las siguientes recomiendaciones, Para la prevención es util un estudio epidemiológico de familia, así como estrategias de control y vigilancia en la comunidad. Identificar los factores de riesgo, realizar intervenciones de enfermería educativas y de promoción a las mujeres en edad fértil y gestantes, sugerir un cribado serológico para prevenir la trasmisión materno-fetal, el diagnóstico precoz permite establecer un tratamiento oportuno en la fase temprana de la enfermedad y seguimiento en unidades de salud. Conclusion: Es importante la detección, control y limitación del daño de la Enfermedad de Chagas en la gestante para disminuir la incidencia materno fetal.


Chagas Disease is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, it is transmitted by feces from infected haematophagus insects which break through skin or mucous wounds, also by transfusions, mother-to-child, organ transplants, and contaminated needles. Between 7 and 8 million people in the world are infected, most of them from Latin America (OMS, 2013). In Argentina, they observed an 11% of seroprevalence (267 women), in Mexico 2.3% for mothers and 0.4% for children, 16.8% of seroprevalence was found in Veracruz. The symptoms are: fever, headache, paleness, myalgia, dyspnea and abdominal or chest pain.Methods: A literature review was implemented in 5 databases (PubMed, LILACS, BVS, EBSCO and Scielo) with the Chagas Disease AND Pregnancy, in english, portuguese and spanish, obtaining 109 documents, 17 of which were used, modified Shekelle scale was used for grading evidence.Results: The following recommendations were obtained, An epidemiologic study to the family is useful for prevention, as well as control and vigilance strategies in the community. Identify the risk factors, perform educational and promotional nursing interventions to the women in childbearing age and pregnant in health units.Conclusion: Detection, control and damage limitation of Chagas Disease in pregnant women is important to reduce maternal-fetal incidence


A doença de Chagas é causada pelo Trypanosoma cruzi, que é transmitido por as fezes de insectos sugadores de sangue infectados que penetram emferidas na pele ou mucosa, por meio de transfusões materno-fetal, transplantes de órgãos e agulhas contaminadas. No mundo existem entre 7 e 8 milhões de pessoas que estão infectadas, a maioria deles na América Latina (WHO, 2013). Em Argentina encontraram 11% (267 mulheres), no México 2,3% em mães e 0,4% em filhos, 16,8% soroprevalência em Veracruz. Os sintomas incluem febre, dor de cabeça, palidez, dor muscular, falta de ar e dor abdominal ou torácica. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma revisão da literatura em 5 bases de dados (PubMed, Lilacs, BVS, EBSCO e Scielo) com as Chagas Disease AND pregnancy, nos idiomas iInglês, português e espanhol, obtendo 109 documentos, dos quais 17 foram usadas para graduar a evidência foi utilizada a escala Shekelle modificada. Resultados: Foram obtidos as seguintes recomiendaciones, Para a prevenção é útil um estudo epidemiológico de família, assimcomo estratégias de controle e vigilância na comunidade. Identificar os fatores de risco, realizar intervenções de enfermagem educacional e promoção as mulheres em idade fértil e grávidas, sugerindo uma triagem sorológica para prevenir a transmissão materno-fetal, o diagnóstico precoce permite estabelecer um tratamento no início da fase precoce da doença e monitorar as unidades de saúde. Conclusão: É importante a detecção, controlee limitação dos danos da doença de Chagas em gestantes para reduzir a incidência materno fetal


Subject(s)
Female , Chagas Disease/complications , Chagas Disease/diagnosis , Chagas Disease/embryology , Chagas Disease/nursing , Chagas Disease/mortality , Chagas Disease/parasitology , Chagas Disease/prevention & control , Chagas Disease/rehabilitation , Chagas Disease/therapy
19.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-174549

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Placenta “the vital organ” for maintaining healthy pregnancy is unique in its development, being derived from both mother and fetus. Thus hypertensive disorder affecting mother has a deleterious impact on placenta which may lead to poor fetal outcome. Aim: A cross-sectional descriptive study was undertaken to analyze and assess the morphological changes in hypertensive placentae and to clinically correlate it with fetal and maternal parameters. Materials and Methods: 50 placentae were freshly collected from pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) cases (study group) and 50 from normal pregnancy (control group). Study group was divided into three categories depending upon severity of the disease. Observations and Results: 70% in study group were primigravida and were from rural area.46% were in age group of 15 – 20yrs.50% under low socio-economic status and 60% were without any regular antenatal checkup. Preterm, IUGR, still birth and neonatal death accounted to 10%, 12%, 18% and 10% respectively in study group. The average diameter, thickness, volume and number of cotyledons in study group were 15.91±2.11cm, 2.39±.54cm, 297.64±67.90ml and 10.02±4.13respectively. Mean placental weight was 376.41±17.198gm (mild PIH), 330.72±2.90gm (severe PIH), 329.73±3.19gm (eclampsia) and mean birth weight was 2680.29±198.46gm (mild PIH), 2212.06±36.41gm (severe PIH) and 2073.60±9.47gm (eclampsia) respectively in study group. Various pathological changes like retro placental hematoma, infarction and calcification had been noticed. Conclusion: Placental morphometric parameters were significantly reduced (<.001) in study group as compared to control group. Decreased placental weight was associated with reduced birth weight and feto-placental ratio with increase in severity of hypertension significantly (<.001). A significant increase (<.05) in incidence of preterm, IUGR, still birth and neonatal death were found in study group. Assessment of morphological changes and its clinical relevance can be correlated with transactional study so as to provide the safe confinement and reducing the fetal morbidity and mortality.

20.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 89(1): 83-90, jan.-fev. 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-668830

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Verificar os fatores socioeconômicos, demográficos e reprodutivos associados à agressão física na gestação e os desfechos negativos para o recém-nascido em dois grupos de mulheres: adolescentes e adultas jovens. MÉTODO: Estudo transversal com uma amostra de 8.961 puérperas que se hospitalizaram em maternidades do município do Rio de Janeiro por ocasião do parto. Para testar hipótese de homogeneidade de proporções foi utilizado o teste χ². A razão de chances e os intervalos de confiança foram estimados através de regressão logística. RESULTADOS: Foi apontado que 5% das adolescentes e 2,5% das adultas jovens sofreram agressão física na gravidez. Em ambos os grupos, as variáveis associadas com o abuso físico foram: menor nível de escolaridade, menor apoio do pai da criança e maior tentativa de interrupção da gestação. O aumento no consumo de bebida alcoólica mostrou associação com o abuso físico apenas no grupo de adolescentes, e o uso de drogas ilícitas somente entre as adultas jovens. Os filhos das puérperas agredidas tiveram duas vezes mais chances de óbito neonatal, e três vezes mais de óbito pós-neonatal. Por outro lado, a assistência pré-natal de boa qualidade reduziu a chance de agressão física durante a gestação. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados alertam para o aumento da chance de óbito neonatal e pós-neonatal entre os filhos das vítimas de agressão física durante a gestação e apontam para a importância do pré-natal na identificação de mulheres sob maior risco de episódios violentos, momento oportuno para o desenvolvimento de ações de proteção e cuidado à mãe e ao bebê.


OBJECTIVE: To assess the socioeconomic, demographic, and reproductive factors associated with physical aggression during pregnancy, and the negative outcomes for the newborn in two groups of women: adolescents and young adults. METHOD: Cross-sectional study with a sample of 8,961 mothers who were admitted to hospitals of the city of Rio de Janeiro during delivery. To test the hypothesis of homogeneity of proportions, the chi-squared test was used. Odds ratio and confidence intervals were estimated using logistic regression. RESULTS: 5.0% of the adolescents and 2.5% of the young adult women suffered physical violence during pregnancy. In both groups, the variables associated with physical abuse were lower educational level, lower support from the child's father, and more attempts to interrupt the pregnancy. The increase in alcohol consumption was associated with physical abuse only in the group of adolescents; illicit drug use was only associated with physical abuse in young adults. The children of abused mothers had a two-fold increased chance of neonatal death, and a three-fold increased chance of post-neonatal death. Conversely, good quality prenatal care reduced the chance of physical aggression during pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: The results emphasize the increased chance of neonatal and post-neonatal mortality among children of victims of physical abuse during pregnancy, and indicate the importance of prenatal care to identify women at higher risk of suffering aggression, the appropriate time to provide measures of protection and care for mother and baby.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Pregnancy , Young Adult , Aggression , Battered Women/psychology , Pregnancy Outcome/epidemiology , Pregnant Women/psychology , Prenatal Care/psychology , Spouse Abuse/psychology , Alcohol Drinking/psychology , Brazil/epidemiology , Domestic Violence/psychology , Domestic Violence/statistics & numerical data , Infant Mortality , Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects , Prenatal Care/statistics & numerical data , Risk Factors , Surveys and Questionnaires , Spouse Abuse/statistics & numerical data , Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology , Substance-Related Disorders/psychology
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